Knowledge and Understanding
1.
List four scalar and four vector quantities associated with motions and forces, and for each indicate the SI units and a typical
example.
2.
A 20-g mass and a 50-g mass are dropped from rest from the same height above the floor.
(a)
Will the masses land simultaneously? If not, which will land first? Explain your choice.
(b)
Draw a free-body diagram showing all the forces acting on the 50-g mass as it is falling.
(c)
What is the weight of the 20-g mass?
(d)
Give one example of an action-reaction pair of forces in this situation.
3.
On what does the magnitude of the force of gravity between Earth and the Moon depend? Be as detailed as possible in your answer.
4.
Compare and contrast each of the following pairs of quantities or concepts, illustrating your answer with examples where appropriate:
(a) kinematics, dynamics
(b) average speed, average
velocity
(c) static friction, kinetic
friction
(d) helpful friction,
unwanted friction
(e) frequency, period
(f) rotation, revolution
Inquiry and Communication
5.
A safety inspector at a playground takes measurements to determine the acceleration of a child undergoing circular motion
on a rotating ride. The inspector uses two common, nonelectric measuring devices.
(a)
Based on the units of acceleration, what measuring devices could the inspector use to take measurements to determine the acceleration?
(b)
Name the independent and dependent variables.
6.
In an investigation to measure the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity where the known value is 9.8 m/s2, group A
gets 9.4 m/s2 and group B gets 9.7 m/s2.
(a)
Determine the possible error in the value obtained by group A.
(b)
Determine the percent possible error in the value obtained by group A.
(c)
Determine the percentage error in the value obtained by group A.
(d)
Determine the percentage difference between the values of the two groups.
7. What is the difference between
a prediction and a hypothesis?
Making Connections
8.
You have a test tube containing a liquid and a mixture of substances of different densities. Would the substances mix more
thoroughly or tend to settle out and separate if the test tube were spun rapidly in a centrifuge? Explain your answer.
9.
Figure 1 shows three possible ways of angling an exit ramp from an expressway for traffic travelling away from the observer
and turning to the right.
(a)
Draw a free-body diagram for each case, showing all the forces acting on the truck.
(b)
Which choice of design would be best for vehicles travelling to the right? Why?
Math Skills
10. Consider the equation ∆d
= vi ∆t + ½ a(∆t
)2
(a) Rearrange the equation
to solve for a.
(b) Write the quadratic-formula
solution for ∆t
11. Figure 2 shows vectors A and B drawn to the scale 1.00 cm = 10.0 m/s.
(a)
Determine the north and east components of vector A.
(b)
Describe as many ways as possible of determining the vector sum A + B.
(c)
Determine B + A and A - B, using any method you find convenient.
Technical Skills and Safety
12.
Figure 3 depicts a puck moving on an x-y plane. The dots represent the location of the puck at equal time intervals of 0.10
s.
(a)
What total time elapses between the start and finish of this motion?
(b)
Copy the pattern of dots into your notebook, and determine the x-component of the displacement between each set of dots. What
do you conclude about the motion in the x direction?
(c)
Determine the y-component of the displacement between each set of dots. What do you conclude about the motion in the y direction?
(d)
Assuming that the diagram is drawn to the scale 1.0 cm = 5.0 cm, determine the average velocity between the start and finish
of the motion.
13.
Your lab partner ties a one-holed rubber stopper to a string, then twirls the stopper in a horizontal circle of known radius
at a constant speed.
(a)
Describe how you would measure the period and frequency of revolution of the stopper's motion. Include a list of the apparatus
you would need.
(b)
What safety precautions would you and your lab partner follow in taking the measurements?
(c)
What sources of error would you expect in this experiment?
